Chapter 8

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8.0 Chapter 8: Monitoring (Peter Chapman)

  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Objectives of Monitoring
  • 8.3 The ARD Monitoring Approach
    • 8.3.1 Risk Based Framework
    • 8.3.2 Monitoring Components
  • 8.4 Problem Formulation
    • 8.4.1 Site Definition
    • 8.4.2 Contaminants of Potential Concern (COPCs)
    • 8.4.3 Receptors of Potential Concern (ROPCs)
    • 8.4.4 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints
    • 8.4.5 Reference Areas/Locations
    • 8.4.6 Conceptual Site Model (CSM)
    • 8.4.7 Risk Hypotheses
    • 8.4.8 Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP)
  • 8.5 Overview of Monitoring Approaches
    • 8.5.1 Implementation Considerations
      • 8.5.1.1 Health and Safety
      • 8.5.1.2 Freshwater, Estuarine and Saline Receiving Environments
      • 8.5.1.3 Source/Near- / Far-Field Monitoring
    • 8.5.2 Discharge monitoring
    • 8.5.3 Reference Comparisons
      • 8.5.3.1 Upstream-Downstream
      • 8.5.3.2 Gradient Monitoring Design
      • 8.5.3.3 Reference Condition Design
    • 8.5.4 Exposure Assessment
      • 8.5.4.1 Data Collection
      • 8.5.4.2 Comparison to Chemical Guidelines
      • 8.5.4.3 Mercury Biomagnification
      • 8.5.4.4 Environmental Fate
    • 8.5.5 Effects Assessment
      • 8.5.5.1 Bioavailability
      • 8.5.5.2 Toxicity Testing
      • 8.5.5.3 Resident Community Structure Alteration
      • 8.5.5.4 Investigation of Causation
      • 8.5.5.5 The Value of Integrated Assessments
    • 8.5.6 Risk Characterisation
    • 8.5.7 Uncertainty
    • 8.5.8 Monitoring and Management
  • 8.6 Monitoring Specifics
    • 8.6.1 Sampling
    • 8.6.2 Analysis
    • 8.6.3 QAQC Considerations
      • 8.6.3.1 Data Generation and Acquisition
      • 8.6.3.2 Data Management
      • 8.6.3.3 Data Verification, Validation and Usability
      • 8.6.3.4 Performance Assessment and Oversight
  • 8.7 ARD Monitoring FAQ's
  • 8.8 References