Chapter 4

4.0 Chapter 4: Defining The Problem – Characterization (Devin Castendyk)

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Problem Definition Approach and Site Characterization

4.2.1 Exploration Phase

4.2.2 Assessment Phase

4.2.3 Mine Design Phase

4.2.4 Construction and Operation Phase

4.2.5 Closure Phase

4.2.6 Post Closure Phase

4.3 Characterization Methods

4.3.1 Sampling

4.3.2 Geophysical methods

4.3.3 Remote Sensing

4.4 Characterization of Potential Sources of ARD, NMD and SD

4.5 Commodity Specific Considerations

4.6 Approach for Risk Assessment Applied to ARD

4.7 ARD Problem Definition FAQ's

4.8 Chapter Conclusions

4.9 References